HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system and can lead to AIDS, a condition where the body can no longer protect itself from infections. Thanks to advancements in HIV treatment, people living with the virus can now lead long and healthy lives with the help of antiretroviral therapy (ART).
ART is a combination of medications that need to be taken daily for the rest of a person’s life. However, accessing this treatment can be challenging for some individuals due to financial constraints, lack of transportation, or other barriers. Researchers supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the National Institute of Mental Health are working to address these barriers and improve access to ART for all individuals.
In addition to traditional daily ART regimens, researchers are exploring new methods to make treatment more accessible to those in need. For example, a study conducted in San Francisco looked at the effectiveness of long-acting ART injections in 133 people with HIV. Participants received injections every four to eight weeks and were reminded by pharmacy staff to take their medication. The results showed that most participants were able to successfully suppress the virus, even if it was not initially controlled.
Moreover, individuals living in rural areas, such as those in parts of South Africa, face challenges in accessing HIV care due to long travel times and limited healthcare facilities. A study conducted in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, found that delivering ART to patients’ homes improved HIV suppression rates compared to those who had to travel to a clinic. Participants paid a small fee for the delivery service, which helped them adhere to their treatment regimen and stay healthy.
It is essential for individuals living with HIV to take their medication as prescribed to prevent the virus from developing resistance and causing harm to their immune system. By exploring innovative delivery methods and treatment options, researchers are working to ensure that everyone has access to the care they need to manage their HIV and live healthy lives.
