Fentanyl is a strong lab-made opioid used to treat severe pain. It is also illegally made and distributed, contributing to a rise in drug overdose deaths. People may knowingly or unknowingly consume fentanyl in various forms, alone or mixed with other drugs like heroin or cocaine.
Due to its potency, even a tiny amount of fentanyl can be lethal, especially when mixed with other drugs. However, an emergency medicine called naloxone can reverse a fentanyl-related overdose. Fentanyl can be found in pills or powders mixed with other substances.
Regular use of fentanyl can lead to opioid use disorder, a chronic medical condition that alters the brain and makes quitting difficult without support. Treatment options like medications and behavioral therapies are available to help those with opioid use disorders.
Possible effects of fentanyl include euphoria, relaxation, pain relief, confusion, drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, constipation, small pupils, sedation, breathing problems, unconsciousness, and overdose. Research is ongoing to develop new treatments for opioid use disorder and help individuals find the right treatment for their needs.
